Progress and Perspectives in Photo? and Electrochemical?Oxidation of Biomass for Sustainable Chemicals and Hydrogen Production

Biomass is recognized as an ideal CO2 neutral, abundant, and renewable resource substitute to fossil fuels. The rich proton content in most biomass derived materials, such ethanol, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) glycerol allows it be effective hydrogen carrier. oxidation derivatives, 2,5-difurandicarboxylic acid from HMF, glyceric are valuable products used biodegradable polymers pharmaceuticals. Therefore, combining biomass-derived compound at the anode evolution reaction cathode a electrolysis or photo-reforming reactor would present promising strategy for coproducing high value chemicals with low energy consumption emissions. This review aims combine fundamental knowledge on photo electro-assisted catalysis provide comprehensive understanding of general mechanisms different molecule oxidation. At same time, catalyst requirements recent advances various feedstock compounds also reviewed detail. Technoeconomic assessment life cycle analysis performed feedstocks assess relative benefits processes, finally critical prospects given challenges opportunities technology development meet sustainability requirement future global economy.